Rural Reconstruction Movement

At the dawn of the new century, as the industry expands and the process of modernization accelerates in China, the essential ingredients in village production gradually outflow. This phenomenon has resulted in the destruction of traditional life, which is fundamental to rural civilization. With the decline of rural civilization, increasing attention has been aroused to the Three Rural Issues.

Since the Green Revolution, the mode of agricultural production satisfying the natural environmental and resources has been promoted all over the world. Agricultural products started to be included in the globalized trading system, which imposes its own formula of production costs (which assumes mass production of a single product) based on general labor productivity. Compelled by the difficult environment for survival, more farmers with small land-holding have been severed from their land. At the same time, mass-manufactured goods besieged rural villages, ousting the traditional hand-crafted goods which were no match of such product in terms of efficiency of production and production costs. The labor which was "liberated" from their land and handicraft workshops moved into cities, speeding up urbanization, which resulted in the vicious cycle of "city surrounded by village" with new problems of employment, social security and provision for the elderly.

To find a way out of modernization's rules of operation and rediscover traditional rural civilization, the young people of this century have stared another round of "go to the countryside" movement with the goal of building the "new" village.

(Reference: This article written by Yan Xiaohui - China) 

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Posted in: rural reconstruction

Structural Crisis, Speculative Attacks and Food Sovereignty

The present crisis is not only a financial one. It is a crisis of civilization. The convergence of long term contradictory processes in several levels (economic, demographic, ecological, etc.) has reduced capital's margin of maneuvering with historical progressive projection, opening the room for very painful situations for large segments of Earth's Population.

The anti-fascist forces victory in the Second World War triggered the constitution of a series of regimes of accumulation with significant endogenous dynamics of growth based upon re-distributive patterns at the domestic and the international levels that expressed the new balance of power. The pervasive destruction of local food provision systems in favor of national structures linked to international markets of commodities under the norms and negotiations of GATT had a corresponding enhancement of macroeconomic and sectorial instruments of policy with different and contradictory degrees of sovereignty, within the Socio-technological framework of agro-Chemicalization and mechanization. 

The quarter of century long wave of high growth – high profits of capitalism under USA hegemony ended by the middle of the sixties, claiming for another set of technological and institutional arrangements conducive towards higher rates of profits for monopoly capital.

Given the structural crisis of over-production and over-accumulation that even affected the rhythm of moral obsolescence and fixed capital rotation with not enough room for its full description, investment leanings favored speculative hypertrophy as overlapping networks of claims on uncertain future production.

Being systemically counter-productive from profitability considerations, technical innovation, massive as it is, gradually opened room for archaic forms of exploitation that tended to reappear deferentially in center, periphery and semi-periphery, structuring a new wave of regressive re-distribution, "originant" accumulation and geographical siphoning out of value and resources. Market insufficiency end up "compensated" via debt, which converged with the needs for financial investment opportunities and de-regulation in a contest of the Bretton Woods System dismantling.

The two main vectors of monopoly capital systemic profit improving, financialization and globalization, exacerbated capital unsustainability trends.

The specific effects on food vulnerability for significant parts of the South appear opaque under conjectural conditions of favorable terms of exchange and hot money inflows. "Bublization" became more and more a structural feature, including commodity markets and, especially, food provision, involving increasing amounts of capital accumulation and more essential mechanisms of power reproduction among the high commands of the society.

The financial implosion of the structural crisis concerned the core of monopoly capital into a crazy dynamics of further speculation in absence of reliable and sufficiently profitable productive options for investment. The "remedies" tend to push that speculative ammunition through colossal injections of out-of-the blue issued liquidity under the dollar global quasi-monopoly.

The resultant metastasis of structural insolvability and the essential distortion of key price formation mechanism shed high levels of irreversibility at a global dimension without precedents of local reproduction engagement ever. The possibilities of a very grave food crisis triggered by any factor under this speculative construction are imminent.

(Reference: This article written by Pedro Paez Perez)

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Posted in: Food Sovereignty,Speculative Attacks,Structural Crisis

Economic Resilience

This post explores the dynamic properties of organisms and ecosystems that make them so resilient and capable of adapting to changing circumstances, allowing them to maintain an overall condition of coherence, wholeness and health while living in balance within the resources of the planet. Key principles of resilient ecological systems are explored including: self-regulation; positive and negative feedback; diversity; scale and context; cooperation; emergence and novelty; and ecological tipping points. In contrast, market based economic systems can produce unstable growth with unintended destruction of cultural and species diversity and homogenization of global life-styles. The paper re-examines fundamental economic principles using insights from biological evolution and ecosystem dynamics to establish a foundation for resilient economies.

This involves experimenting with different models in different communities to find patterns of sustainable production and exchange appropriate to local regions. Fundamental steps in this direction include the emergence of self-organizing local communities based on creative experimentation, re-localization of currencies and banking practices that support local enterprise and investment in green technologies, stimulation of decentralized renewable energy networks and economic reform aligned with ecological principles.

The Transition Network provides a case study of an international community based movement that has been experimenting with putting some of these principles into practices at the local level. The aim of the Transition Network is to support community led responses to peak oil and climate change, building resilience and well-being. The concept of ecological resilience and its application to local economy is hard wired into the values and emerging structure of the network of transition communities across the globe. The movement started in the UK in 2005 and there are now over 1000 Transition initiatives spanning 34 countries across the world. Many attribute the success and phenomenal growth of the Transition Network to its emerging holographic structure that mimics cell growth within living organisms.

Growing a more resilient food system in the face of the twin challenges of natural resources scarcity and climate change is central to the Transition movement. A set of principles for a post carbon resilient food economy in the UK are offered. These include an 80% cut in carbon emission in the food sector by 2050, agricultural diversification, prioritization of farming methods that establish and enhance carbon sinks, phasing out of dependence on fossil fuels in food growing, processing and distribution, promoting access to nutritious and affordable food, as well as promoting greater access to land for growing food in urban and peri-urban areas. Practical example of Transition related projects in the food sector are presented across the following themes: access t land, low carbon production methods, food distribution systems, health and community gardens and orchards, and collaborative ownership models.

(Reference: This article written by Julie Rechardson)

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Posted in: resilience economy

Survival Crisis and Ecological Crisis

All kind of human society has to solve two issues: survival problem and ecological problem. The solution of survival problem has two aspects: 1. How to acquire necessary materials (from nature), top free of hungry and poverty; 2. How to distribute the material, to purchase equality and justice. The former refers to social productivity; the latter refers to social institution.

In the long history when human only has weak ability to acquire materials from nature, the solution of survival problem focused on searching a better social institution, to reform, or to resolute. Making use of science and scientific technology, human have the power to acquire more and more materials from nature, after human came into industrial civilization. Human found a new way to treat survival problem, even if the distribution institution was not fair, every parts might have more material than before. Survival problem seems to be solved, but ecological problem came unexpectedly. The ecological problem is the problem of relationship between human and nature, manifesting as environmental pollution and ecological collapse.

The industrial civilization shows an illusion that the advancement of science and technology has no limitation, and the materials human can take from nature have no limitation. Therefore, a view of one-direction social development was accepted as mainstream ideology. Under the social structure of industrial civilization,

1.      In fact, the equality and justice issues was not solved, but neglected, or pushed to future;

2.       In modern societies, theoretically, human has equal human right, including the equal right to exploit nature;

3.       While, such equality is only an ideal, the modernization is a food chain ---- the upstream parts exploit the downstream parts, and both of them exploit natural; but generally, the upstream exploit natural indirectly by exploiting the downstream, which happens between the different levels of one country, and happens more often among different countries in the time of globalization; therefore, the ecological problems are transferred to the downstream; 

4.      The worsen of ecological crisis, so the survival problem in the downstream countries are more serve, and all human being face the survival crisis because of the collapse of global ecology in the coming future. 

Under the social structure of industrial civilization, science and its technology cannot solve any one of the two crises. In the society of industrial civilization,

1.      The capital proliferation is the most important thin above all, even the validity of government are built on the continuous increasing of economy;

2.      Science and its technology have to serve for the capital proliferation: those which can help capital proliferation are easier developed out, and easier to be used; 

3.      Such technologies generally originated from the mathematical and physical science which are based on the view of mechanism, and its application must destroy the integrity of the natural and result environmental problem; 

4.      The role of science community were changed --- science community is at the first a community with common economical interests, then a knowledge community, but never a moral community; 

5.      As an interest community, it tries to maximize its interests; naturally, it may try to strengthen its constitutional position in social structure that it may acquire more social resource, and try to cooperate with economical power and political power.

Seeing from such a perspective, most new technologies, such as so-called clean energy, are used first as means of capital gambling, or tools of new capital conquering old capital. Their applications might be good for the environment of some specified place within a certain period, but they will make the global ecological crisis more severe.

Modern societies generally have the ideology of worshipping energy so that the solution of energy problem is regarded as the key of all other problems. While, considering the limitation of the earth, and the garbage problem, the solution of energy problem won’t be the blessing of human being, but the curse.

Human has to find a new way of civilization: ecological civilization. The ecological civilization won’t come to reality by the repairing and re-patching of industrial civilization. It needs;

1. To criticize the industrial civilization completely;

2. To learn from tradition.

This civilization needs a totally reconstruction.

(Reference: This article is written by Tian Song)

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Posted in: ecological civilization,ecological crisis,industrial civilization,science community,survival crisis

Facebook Graph Search: New Challenges for Google

 

Facebook is the king of the social networking site and it has just been introducing new search engine as Graph Search. Billions of people have been connecting and interacting globally through Facebook. In these days Google and other top search engines have been facing the challenges from Facebook ads. Because of the rising ads funds in Facebook and decreasing the growth rate of ads in other search engines companies is the big problem. A Facebook ad is the major income sources of Facebook and its market coverage ratio has been growing.

New generation has been getting the opportunity to learn new thing from social networking sites and Facebook is being essential to connect with friends and other people globally. Wherever you stay but you want to connect with your friends. So that people are getting first priority for Facebook rather than foods. Even people are having been using their cell phone with Facebook apps while travelling or in wash room. Therefore, right now Facebook has launched its new feature as Graph Search which is similar to other search engines but you will get different experiences on it; in other words, its features are totally new. While searching keyword in Graph Search you will get exact results and it will help to search your nearest people and their activities.

How does Graph Search Work?

You may be curious to know how Graph Search works. I was also curious before having experiences. I have got chances to connect with Graph Search and got experience. It is simple that when you type any keyword in Graph Search, then you will get specific result. For example, when you want to know about a single female live in New York, you will get thousands of results. Similarly you can search a single women live in your own place or specific places then you will get exact result what your searching. Facebook have already collected billions of individual data and it has used all the data for Graph Search. If you have public Search privacy then your information will not be publish or it will be hidden. Therefore you should take better action for your public search privacy. If you have shared your information as open sources then it will be helpful to know your information to Graph searchers. It is a nice idea to match the result and help to connect with people. What do you think in your mind or what do you want to search, you will get quick result and get connect for interaction with them. You will get all the results form Facebook, which information's have already existing in Facebook.

Perfect Dating Site:

Graph Search 

I'm little bit doubt that whether it will be the dating site. Because there have been billions of people already connected with Facebook and their every information have stored in Facebook. While searching specific keyword, Graph Search shows the nearest matching results. People who are searching for boys or girls in Facebook, they will get information easily and connect with them. It might be a dating site after introducing the Graph Search. Many people are eager to know the information about girls and boys; Facebook Graph Search help to shows the result as specific information like, age status, marital status, location zones, interest and hobbies, their activates, timeline, email address, biography, languages status, mobile numbers etc. All these information help to those people, who are searching dating spot. Yes you can search as who is living a single woman in your nearest place and what she have been doing and what is her age, friends, interest, hobbies etc.

If you are searching a girlfriend or boyfriends then you can search some keyword in Graph Search and will get specific results and join with them for interaction. We know there is thousands of dating site but not perfect like this. Because of the craziness of the people over Facebook and its interaction with interested people.

New Challenges for Google:

There is no doubt that Facebook is the world largest online social network as well as most preferred social networking site and Google is the king of the Search Engine in this internet giant. Google has its own community site as Google + but facing challenge from Facebook in terms of Google Ads and Goolge + Community. Google has started its new features as social networking or community site like Google + to get more engagement of people on Google Product and services.  However, Google has been losing its ads market because of the more engagement of people in Facebook. People are being more and more creasy over Facebook and spending their more time in Facebook Like, Comment, and Share etc. So that Google is being worry on this critical issue. The main income source of Google is Google ads and now its market has been downsized.

Facebook has introduced Graph Search as new feature and it will be helpful to cover more market but Google is seeing as a challenges. The major concern of Google is, people are more engaging in Facebook and how to restores in Google Search Engines and Google Plus. Graph Search is different from Google Search Engines but if people more engage in Facebook Graph Search then there will be decrease the Google ads market and Facebook will get more ads on its Facebook page and community. Google needs to take innovative ideas to restores it market and attract people on its community. 

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Posted in: facebook graph search,graph search

7 SEO Tips for Beginners

SEO is the powerful online marketing tools for a blog or site. Without strong SEO strategy, a blogger or web publisher cannot reach in mass audiences. Therefore, SEO is the essential component of a blog or site. A newbies may not know the hidden ways of the competitive web world. Thus, right SEO ideas assist to reach mass audiences and also assist to make money. Getting tons of traffics to your site will be impossible without the promotion to your site. So that it’s the right time to learn how to promote your site and get lots of audiences to your site. Just think, why people love your blog or site? Because of, appropriate way to promote your sites.

In this competitive blogging ages, new bloggers are getting less visitors to their sites because of lack of the appropriate guidance or lack of adequate knowledge of SEO. It’s hard to get find visitors or attract visitors to your site without getting SEO guidance. You need to take better action to convert your effort into reality. So that don’t waste your time by doing wrong action, right now you have to learn best and pragmatic way of SEO. When people hangover to your site then there will be chances to return back again. You need to take little bit time to learn right way to promote your site and reach billions of visitors globally.

7 SEO Tips for New Blogger:

1.      Focus on writing quality contents:New bloggers should focus on writing quality content to their blog or sites. Quality is the main Mantra to get tons of traffics. Before writing any article you should have adequate information on the writing issues and also have adequate evidences with research base data. People as well search engine always prioritize the quality contents. Quality is the standard of content and it consist with adequate evidences, data, research base analysis, inspection, data filters etc. you should not compromise on the quality side of a content. You should focus on the quality rather than quantity of content. Quantity is also important for newbies to ranking sites on search engines but quality content assist to get quick ranking.

2.      Involve in Social Media Interaction: This is the time of social media and its power is unlimited. Billions of people are involving in the social media interaction and sharing. It helps to get traffics as well as high PageRank link to your site. When people love your content then you may share the link on social media. There are two types of social media; social networking sites and social bookmarking sites. Facebook, Twitter, Google +, Myspace, Hi5 etc are most popular social networking sites and billions of audiences already have connected with them. Reddit, Delicious, Diggo, Dig, Tumlr, StumbleUpon etc are popular social book marking sites. So that you can create your account on these social media and share your every post to your friends. Its right place to share your content your friends. You can make friends globally and share your best ideas, views, opinion with then. It helps to interact with them and they flow your blogs or sites.

3.      Commenting on others blogs:it’s another popular way to get backlinks and interact with people. Comment on DoFollow blogs helps get backlinks as well as traffics to your sites. Sot that you can leave your comment while reading others blogs or sites.  It also helps to interact with different people and they also follow you.  Some blog and site listing top comment and recent comment to their home page. So that it’s high chances to get traffics from the others blogs. It is also another ways to get high PR backlink to your sites and ranking your sites.

4.      Engage in Community Forum interaction:you can engage in various community forum and share you best ideas to other people. When you interact with them or when you share your nice suggestion and ideas then they will follow to you. There are many social forums and you can create your account at free of cost and involve on interaction. Include your url at community profile, it help to get link to your sites. It is also a popular ways to get tons of traffic as well as authentic link to your sites.

5.      Submit your sites on Search Engines and Directories: you can also submit your site on major search engines and directories. It helps to get backlink to your site as well as referral traffics. We know that there is 90 percent traffics get from search engines referral and more than seventy percent referral comes from Google. So that you should submit your site on top search engines like, Google, yahoo!, Being, MSN etc. and high PR Directories like DMOZ, Yahoo directories !, Technorati ! Toplist, Blogline etc. it will take little bit time to get list your site on search engines and directories but need to submit your site.

6.      You have to do Keyword Research:You have to do the keyword research to your blog content. You must know what people are most searching in the internet and which topic or word is getting on top priorities. It is the essential part of SEO. It helps to get quick ranking on search engines and search enters your site through search engines. There are various ways to research for keyword. You can choose the Google Keyword tools to research the keyword. While writing content you should include the SEO friendly keyword and need to understand what people prefer?

7.      Guest Blogging: it is the nice way to get traffic to your site. You can write content or article for other blogs. You will get chance to include your link in various high PR blog. It helps to get high PR link from other sites and drive traffic to your sites. There are many blogs offering for guest blogging. You can write on comluv.com, which is the best place to write guest blog. You can also submit your articles on different articles submission sites. It helps to get the right visitors to your sites as well as link to your sites. It is really appropriate for newbies who are suffering from low traffics to their sites. Newbies get chances to learn how to get or drive traffics from difference sources. Newbies must follow this idea to get high profile to their sites.

In conclusion, SEO is the most powerful marketing tools and it help to drive traffic to the blog or site.  Therefore newbies should concentrate their attention after designing a nice blog or sites. Without SEO practice we cannot imagine bulk traffics. So that just learn SEO ideas and covert your ideas into traffics and monetize your traffics also.

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Posted in: seo,SEO tips for beginners

7 Ways to Write Quality Content to Your Site

Content is the king of a blog or site. Without a content blog or site will be meaningless. So that content should be includes in a blog or site. Content should be targeted for specific readers. Age factors, gender factors, education level, culture & tradition, geography, income level, life style of people, etc. directly or indirectly impact on content. Therefore, content should be focus on a specific niche or a category.

Content can be related to technology and science, fashion, arts and culture, business, economy, politics, sports, society, tourism, environment and legal, history, SEO, blogging, climate change, marketing etc. thus, an author should be concentrating on a particular category and includes the appropriate information. Author should not forget the quality side of content. Quality is the important component of content.  However, there are certain measurements to know the quality of content.

Content: Content is a collection of the information which consists with news, views, opinions, history, story, data, and auto-biography, bibliography etc.; information can collect from primary and secondary sources. FM Radio, Magazine, Newspapers, T.V., Reports, journals, text book, audio and video, literatures, interviews, diary, letters, wallpapers, thesis paper, case study, meeting etc. and also use our experiences, experiment, professional expertise etc. are major sources of information.

Quality: Quality is the features of content, in my personal opinion; quality consists with evidences, reality, research base data, and analytical key finding etc. Quality articles always get the high priority on the eyes of readers as well as search engines. People love to read quality content and also they do bookmarking if they get quality contents. Quality content with research base data analysis can be a perfect article and help to get quick ranking in search engines. Therefore, we have to focus on the quality of content rather than quantity of the contents.

How to get Information to write quality Content:

a)      Published Sources:

 # Newspapers, magazine, internet, radio, TV, reports and publication of reputed   INGOs, UNDP, ADB, UNESCO, WB, WHO, CBS etc.

# Reports and Publication of ministers, departments of government,

# Reports and publication of reliable NGO’s journals, periodicals and annual performance reports,

# Get information from renowned blog articles, Wikipedia, encyclopedia, directory, dictionary, library resources.

# Research Paper, Thesis paper, Proposal paper, report writing, and case study

b)     Unpublished Sources:

# Personal Diary, letters, hands out, government or official letter or unpublished documents,

# Records maintained by research institution

# Records updated by various organization for their internal purpose

Need to do Content Analysis:

Content analysis is a method of studying and analyzing communication material in a systematic, objective and quantitative manner to measure variables. The communication material may be newspaper articles, editorials, TV, FM Radio, internet, letters, diaries, ethnographic material, audio visual documents, minutes of meeting, magazines, periodicals etc. So that content analysis has not done to measure variable as such. Rather, it has been used to determine the relative emphasis or frequency of various communication phenomena, propaganda, trends, styles, changes in contents reliability etc. in content analysis; author takes the communication material from various sources and filters (inspecting) the information, whether reliable or not. Contents analysis should be emphasis on the inspection of the theme of the materials.

Ways to write quality contents:

1.      Collection of information: collection of information is the major task. We can get lots of information from various resources and we should collet and storage. Before writing article we should have adequate information to write in a particular subjects. We can collect information from published sources and unpublished sources but need a reliable sources and right information. Therefore, collection of information  helps to write a perfect article and storage information whenever it can be used.

2.      Inspection of Information: it is the important task and each information may not be reliable. Therefore need to scrutinize the information from various ways and get right information. Some time we get rumor information and we should not believe on it. Although, we can do content analysis after finishing the article and fill the gaps where is lacks.

3.      Adequate research on topics: Before writing any articles or contents, we need to take further more time to study on related topics. Without getting adequate knowledge, the content will not fill by valuable resources. Therefore, don’t hurry to write more articles and write less and resourceful content. Adequate research on the related category helps to add more advantages.

4.      Prepare a draft of content: After gathering information from various resources, prepare a draft paper to your content.  Just includes all information what you have and finalize the draft paper. Draft paper is not final to publish. It helps to think more about the topics and its main body.

5.      Read your prepared Draft: After preparing draft of content, you must read each and every word, phrase  and sentences; which  included in your content. It helps to correction part of the content. If you found any mistake then do underline.  Missing information add on the side of the draft.

6.      Edit your draft where it necessary: it is time to do correction of your content. Which word is appropriate or which sentence and phrase are important, you need to calculate. It is the last chances to correction of your content before finalizing or publishing it. If you found wrong information or misleading information then cut off them. Includes appropriate words and phrases while editing the contents. If draft paper is perfect then no need to edit.

7.      Finalize and publish: It is the final stage to write quality content. All above mention ways are systematic manner and guides to write superior articles. So that after editing your draft paper of content, you need to say its OK and send for publication. Thus, you should take an appropriate action while publishing content.

In conclusion, you should focus on quality of content rather than the quantity. Quality content always gets the priority on search engines and readers also love to read and bookmarking, social networking share, comments by the readers. You need to get adequate information before writing articles. Scrutinizing of the information is your duty.    

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Posted in: content

Education for All: Education for a Common Collective

"Education for a common collective: Pedagogies of Sharing and Caring"

Declaring an 'educational arms race' with India and China, President Barack Obama warned his country against 'unilateral disbarment' with budget cuts because 'countries that out-educate us today will out-compete us tomorrow'. Militaristic jingoism leads to new term such as 'out-think' and 'out-educate', reflecting a crassly competitive com-modification of knowledge. This is contrary to the spirit of trans-formative education, which looks at education to reduce inequalities, to ensure sustainable development and to address social justice for all through collective action. Despite the Jomtien World.

Declaration on 'Education For All' with an 'expanded vision'- for the empowerment of children, youth and adults- national curricular aims have been changing to facilitate rather than interrogate the global neo-liberal agenda. An EFA (Education For All) review (Amadio et al, 20050 of the trends in national aims between the 1980s and 200s show, on the one hand, an increased call for 'expanding human capabilities and choices',- now lies abandoned, in favor of 'facilitating successful adaptation to an ever-changing world'.

The Gandhian trans-formative model of Basic Education as part of the anti-colonial freedom struggle in India, developed ' education for life, through life' using productive craft – weaving, carpentry, agriculture, or pottery, etc.- as the medium of interdisciplinary hands-on learning. It also served to culturally interrogative the traditional caste system which stigmatized the low-castes and their vocations. However, in the global economy of knowledge, education has been increasingly used for selection and reproduction of inequalities, through managerial discourses of standards, choice and efficiency. The hierarchies of 'academic' vs 'vocational' knowledge or 'brain vs body's skills have become more sharply drawn, to further marginalize the disadvantaged majority, especially in the contexts of developing countries (Rampal, 2010).

This article present Socio-cultural perspectives on critical education (Apple et al, 2009), to show how alternate models of schooling can address diverse life-worlds within process of knowledge construction, to help shape the envisioned 'creative common collective' of sharing and caring. The concept Note of the South-South Forum on Sustainability stresses that 'vicious competition has become an obsolete and fatal paradigm', and that a new search needs to be made to invoke creative cooperation and sharing 'to overcome capitalism along with its adjunct destructive modernization'. What role can education play in nurturing such creative cooperation as the new paradigm for humanity? How can children, especially the majority from rural poor families, bring their collective voice and agency to counter the urban hegemony of individualistic competition that currently dominates that culture of school (Rampal, 2008)? how can different knowledge find 'official' place in education, and how can the collective agency of learners be engaged to make meaning, and with high expectations from all? How can 'productive learning and assessment' be supported rather than the debilitating standardized testing regimes being increasingly imposed on schools in the name of 'quality control'?

Recent attempts in India under the National Curriculum Framework (NCERT, 2005) have sought to redesign primary schooling, though an interdisciplinary approach to address often contested issues of food and hunger, subsistence agriculture and exploitation of forests, etc. from an critical perspective of social justice (Rampal, 2007, 2012). Drawing upon the 'common science' curriculum that changed the hegemony of the elites in nineteenth century England (Godson and Prophet, 1983), the 'productive pedagogies of difference' (Hayes and Lingard, 2006) of the Queensland school reform in Australia, or pater describes models of education redesigned to ensure equity for all within a cooperative 'culture of success'. The paper substantiates these with recent studies that have shown that children studying together in mixed Socio-economic and ability groups perform much better, through curricula that build on collective action, among peers and larger communities of learning. In fact, countries that enforce a 'moral imperative' to protect children from the excesses of economic inequality with a focus on educational quality achieve higher levels of achievement and also greater levels of social cohesion (Green et al, 2006). Moreover, it has been seen that states can generate a potent form of social capital in promoting educational achievement and humanistic values that can benefit those who have the least cultural capital and the most difficulty in acquiring and accumulating social capital on their own (Carnoey et al, 2007).

(Reference Author: Anita Rampal) 

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Posted in: all in education,education articles,education for all,education for all india,education in india,indian education

Start a Home Based Business

A home based business can be almost anything you want it to be. One of its great advantages is the flexibility of working hours and the choice of business available in everyday terms; a home based business means working for yourself, using your home as a workplace. It may be that you are working at home all day or are merely using your own telephone or internet to take your business calls or use website to promote to your business. While your work is carried out at your customer’s homes or premises.

Suitable:

There are so many different types of business to choose from that you should be able to find something appropriate to your skills and interest. A home based business will also be extremely flexible. Enabling you to work the hours you want. You can, therefore, fit in running your business with a full or part time job, caring for children or other dependent relatives and pursuing your hobbies. Thus a home-based business can be fulfilling complement to other element of your life.

You do, however, need to be determined flexible, hardworking and not want to be a millionaire, although this is a remote possibility! Working from home is not a soft option but it can be rewarding.

Advantage:

The main reasons people are attracted to running a business from home are that they will be working for themselves and people are using their innovative and constructive ideas to make money from their own home. Another attraction is working the hours they choose, so a home-based business can be run to fit in with other commitments.

There are also two financial advantages to working from home. Overheads (rent, heat, and light and so forth) are usually lower than for a business operating from commercial premises. This will improve your business’s chances of being competitive and profitable. In addition, there is comparatively low start-up cost for many such home based businesses.

Disadvantage:

Working for you is nearly always arduous. You need to be motivated and disciplined and there is, generally, no one to tale over if you are ill. As well as productive work and getting sales, you will find that there is a lot of administrative work to be done: invoicing, filing, accounting, dealing with government agencies such as the Inland Revenue, customs and excise and the DSS, will all be your responsibility. In addition, at least a small part of your home will have to be given over to the business and work will never seem far away. As with any business, there is the risk of failure.

Which business should I choose?

Choose a business that you like, find interesting and for which you have a necessary skills and aptitude. Be realistic. Do not be a cosmetic represented if you dislike perfume and are nervous about meeting people.

Once you have chosen a business or have a shortlist of options, you will need to do some research to establish whether the business is viable and financially suitable. It is not a good idea to resign your fulltime job only to discover, too late, that your home based business can only provide you with part time earning. 

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Posted in: home based business

33 Ways to Make Money Online

I have prepared a research report that why people want to earn money? And how people are earning money? I found that the making money pattern has changed due to the advancement on technology and access of broadband internet. In past two decade people have been using advance technology and assisting their daily life.

People have been entering in to liberal market to sell their product and services. But one thing has been becoming great challenges in people’s life. Due to the access of open market and production of diversified products and services; people’s wants, needs, desires, or demand have been increasing in the unlimited way. Therefore, to fulfill unlimited wants; people have engaged on different money making activities. People want to make more money to uplift their life and improve their living standard. When new product and services launched in to the market, people eager to get it quickly but every one cannot get it easily. Because of there is a burden of money. They need to wait to get these new things because of lack of financial resources. So that people want to make money from several ways. Some people work and make money for their livelihood and other people work and make money for their advance lifestyle. Whatever, everyone should work to make money and no one get windfall gain.

How can we make money?

We have to involve in different activities from early morning to till mid night. Therefore I would like to categorize our activities into two parts: Economic activities and non-economic activities.  When we get monetary gain after performing any activities then it can be called economic activities and when we involve in social activities to get satisfaction then it can be called non-economic activities. Economic activities means making money from different activities like Business, Profession, Employment, Investing, work Online etc. so that we will discuss about economic activities only.

Business: we can make money by doing our own business. We need to invest money and bear risk to earn profit. So that if you have money to invest in business then it will be better to start your own business. You will be your own boss and you will have some employees to assist you. So that it may help to make money fast but you need to bear all kinds of risk on business. In business you must know that “no risk, no gain”. You can be a producer, service provider, retailer, wholesaler, importer, exporter or investor in business. It is one of the best ways to make money fast. How much money do you need to invest on business? It depends on the nature of business, scale of business, size of business and form of business.

Profession: if you have a special academic degree with certified license then you can make money through providing services and collecting fees. If you are a Charter Accountant (CA), Doctor, Engineer, Pilot, professor, Lawyer, Health worker, Technician or any other professional license holder then you can create your own business form and make money by serving to your client. You don’t need to sell any product but should provide special services to the clients and in return you will get fees. Professional personalities should be bounded in the certain code of conduct from their parent organization. It is the best way to make money.

Employees: Another way to make money is work in an organization as employees and in return get salary, allowances, incentive, bonus, pension, and other many facilities from employer. If you do not have professional knowledge and do not have enough money to invest in business then you can work in business organization or government offices to make money. Employees always work on behalf of an employer to make money and sustain on the fixed income. There is no risk in this work but have a limited earning capacity.

Investing: you can make money by investing money in different ways. Invest money on Shares, Debenture, mutual funds, Bonds etc. and earn dividend and bonus from them. You can earn money from bank interest by depositing your money in banks and other financial institutions. If you do not want to bear risk then it will be better to deposit your money into financial institution and earn certain percent interest.

Work Online: Another way to make money from work online. It is a modern way to make money and there are many online job resources available. You can invest your valuable time to perform online work and make money. Online Data entry job, Freelance work, paid survey; online typing, Medical transcription etc. are major sources of online work. You can work online job from your own sit where you are living, but you should have technical or computer knowledge to perform these jobs. You can make unlimited amount of money from online work. If you have excellent ideas then you can make quick money from online because you have to invest your ideas and your efforts to earn money form online.

33 Ways to make money online

There are thousands of ways to make money online but everyone cannot perform all these jobs. According to your knowledge you have to invest your efforts and it helps to get quick money form online. Each online job is not feasible for every one and each job is not trusted also. So that you have to calculate your mind before joining any kinds of online work and know the legitimacy of the work.  I found that there are many online works are scams. Therefore you have to be aware from those dogs that bark more and cannot bite. I have been working fulltime for more than a half decade and in my experienced and experiment; I got some legitimate work. I would like to recommend to you. Each work is not suitable for you but it may be possible to perform if you choose some specific jobs. Which is the best way to make money online? It depends on you and your performance because your earning depends on your best doing on online. You can earn quick money or it will take little more time to earn money online. Before joining online programs, you have to get adequate knowledge about your specific work. You must put attention on the legitimacy, how much will pay, how much time it will take to what get you’re earning, and how will you get your earning or mode of payment etc. I know there are millions of people are involving to make money online but all are not becoming earner, many people are becoming loser on online work because of lack of adequate knowledge about the related work. Some people has been earning unbelievable amount of money form online work. You can make lots of money but need to take better action. So that I have listed 33 ways to make money online, which are may be suitable for you.

1.      Make money form Google AdSense: Google AdSense is the popular way to make money in this internet giant. You can make money from Google by placing Google ads in your webpage or blogs. Billions of websites and bloggers have been using this tool to make money online. If you have your own website or a blog then you can place Google ads by creating your account on Google AdSense. Google will pay on the pay per click basis and your minimum earning will be 100$ to make payment. It’s free way to create account and place ads, when your visitors click on the ads then Google count your every click and impression and increase your revenue. Your earning is also depends on your content and your niche blog or website. It is a legitimate way to make money online and thousands of bloggers and web publishers have been earning money from it. Some professional bloggers and web publishers have been relies their livelihood. If you do not have a website or blog then you can create it on free of cost at Blogger.com, Just create your own free blog and post valuable contents and promote your blog or site and then you can join with Google AdSense. You can earn money from multiple websites or blogs by placing Google Ads. There are many other ads companies like Chitika, Bidadvertiser, Adbrite, Linkpro, Contera etc. However, Google AdSense is one of the best options to make money online.

2.      Make Money from Get Paid Survey: you can make money form get paid survey. There are thousands of multinational companies are launching new products and services in a single day and they want to get feedback from their customer’s side. So that you can involve in the survey review plans and share your personal views about the new products and services. Some companies are also testing their products and services through online and you will be participating on it. It is also a popular way to make money online. There are some website providing get paid survey jobs opportunity. You should not need to invest money for it and just become a member of the survey plan and give your own answer or opinion and in return you will get some pocket money or more than it.

3.      Make money by selling your photo online: If you are professional photographers or if you have stock of attractive photos then you can sell it online and make money. There is some website asking for attractive and historical photos. You can be a member of those photo selling sites and upload your photos. Istock.com is one of the most popular sites on online photo selling. You can sell your professional photos on these sites on the basis of per photo. Think you are biding your photo on online. If anyone people like to buy then he or she can buy it through those sites where you are a member and will get return from them.

4.      Make money from Product and Service Review: You can make money by providing reviews reports of product and services. Multinational companies are searching for their product and services reviewers, and then you can do this work and post in your blog or sites. You will get certain amount for your performance form the companies. There are many Reviews sites and you can be join in these sites and work with them. You can write your review report on Factoidz. Factoidz is the popular product reviews site and it is number one paid product and business review sites, they even give you a bonus for actually comprehensive reviews.

5. Make money from Blogging: Blogging is one of the best platforms to share ideas and opinion. It helps to connect with millions of people globally. You can share your experiment and experience in particular sectors. You have to develop a website or a crate a blog to share your opinion. When people love to follow your ideas then you can convert in to money. Blogging is the popular ways to make money online and you can monetize your blog traffics. There are several ways to make money form blog and you can choose best option according to your niche blog. To attract visitors you have to promote your ideas and monetize it. You can place Google Ads, Chitikas, Linkpros ads, Contera Amazon ads, EBay ads etc. and also can sell your web or blog space to an individual person. You can join with online affiliation marketing through your blog; it helps to get quick and big money. You have to build network to sell product and services online affiliation marketing. Whether you are a professional writer or newbies but you can expose your ideas and join with different online money making plan through your blog.

6. Make Money from selling your web Space: it is another idea to make money for web publisher and bloggers. There may be unused space to your site or blog and you can sell this space to any advertiser and earn money.  You can earn money according to ads space and ads location zone. At the front or home page, you can charge high rate and in the inner page can charge low rate. High PR blogs and sites have been using this technique to make money online. But whether it is appropriate or not you have to decide yourself. One thing you must remember that, don’t place misleading ads to your site. Because it discourage to your visitors and you will get high bounce rate. If you get best ads company with attractive ads then place it to your web page or blogs. You can also sell your web space to the online web space purchaser but it will be possible when your site has high PR and high traffics generators.   

7. Make Money from Online Logo Design: if you are well graphic designers, it may be the great opportunity to make money from online logo designing. There are thousands of new companies searching log designer for their company and institutions. International graphic designer can design an attractive logo design or ads design and get high pay. You can search these companies and can do this job online. There are some website searching online logo designers and you can work with then. They also pay high amount for an attractive logo. In this time of globalization, national and multinational companies want to reach in different places, so that they want to create their ads and logo according to the specific region. You may be the good earner by working with them. Sell your creative ideas and make money as well as reputation.

8. Make Money from Template Designing: if you are well web designer or template designer then you can sell your template online and make money. There are no boundaries to make money for you because of the emerging market of internet. There are thousands of new companies and organizations starts their life daily and are searching a best template designers. Some companies and organization create their own template to boost their goodwill. So that they hire web designers to design template, you can be a part of them. You can charge your template on highly prices and earn make money fast but you should have innovative ideas and attractive or unique template. There are some website purchase templates and you can join with them and sell your every template on online.

9. Make Money by Developing Software: if you are a well software engineers then you can develop software and application. In this age of technology, people need different software to make their life easier. As a software engineer you may have innovative ideas and use your best ideas to develop new software. When you launched new software into the market then you will get unlimited money by selling it globally. You can sell it on local market or global market but you will get international prices. You can sell your software through online and when someone to download then you will ask credit or visa card to buy it. You can also develop computer and mobile application and sell it on online.

10. Make Money from Paid to Click (PTC): Paid to click is help to make small money by surfing ads on website. There are some Ads surfing website which pay money for surfing ads. You can join in this money making programs but you have to choose best website companies. Because some PTC companies are frauds or scams and your effort will not rewarded by them. So that you have to be very careful from those scams sites. If you found well PTC sites then join with them and surf some ads for ten to twenty second and they will pay little be cent for surfing ads. It can be nice ideas to make money online but it is not appropriate for professional person. Newbies can earn some pocket money for little bit time and it may be wise that after doing some days and quiet it. Because of you will not earn more money from it.

11. Make Money from Affiliation Marketing: affiliation marketing can be a better option for who wants make money fast and more. But you need a strong network on online. You can earn thousands of Dollars overnight but it cannot possible without well affiliation tricks and strong networks. In affiliation marketing you need to sell products or services to your followers and you should refers to your networks and when any one person to you circle buy product and services then you will earn certain percent bonus or commission. You need to build strong circle and refers them to buy product and services. You can also refer to your friends, relatives and anyone other; you have to encourage them to buy the products and services. When they buy your refer products and services then you will get commission from sellers. There are many online affiliation marketing companies rising in this emerging internet giant. You should be aware from scam offers. Before joining any affiliation programs you have to be well study about the affiliation company and its offers.

12. Make Money From SEO Service: if you are a well SEO expert then you can sell your ideas to web publishers and bloggers. In these days many web publishers have been searching well SEO expert and you can work with them or you can also start your virtual company and sell your ideas. SEO is the major promotional tools of website or blog. In this competitive age of internet, every company wants to enter in to the virtual market by creating their website and they must promote their site to sell their product and service. When they want to promote their web site then they need SEO export to get quick ranking their sites. You can make money by serving these services globally. Wherever you stay but you can sell your innovative ideas globally.

13. Make Money from Writing Article: if you are a journalist or professional write then it’s easy to earn money by write professional article and sell it online. There are many article submission sites and you can write for them. Some web publishers also search for script writer for their blogs and sites. As an article writer you can write article on any particle topics and sell it. You must focus on your particular niche. Before writing any article you have to depth study about the related topics and then you can elaborate your expertise. It will be better to write in any one field, like as climate change, IT, Business, Culture, SEO, Blogging ideas, Health issue etc. if you regularly write in any particular streams then your experience and expertness also boost and then you can get easiness for clarification.

14. Make Money from EBay and Amazon: You can make money from EBay and Amazon by selling its product. EBay and Amazon provide commission its referrers. If you are a web publisher or blogger then you can place EBay and Amazon ads to your site and refers to your visitors. If your visitors buy products and services through you refer then you will get handsome commission. You have to need a strong relation with your visitors. It means you should be able to convince to your visitor and then you will buy product through your reference. It is also a popular way to make money fast and more.

15. Make Money from Creating and Selling E-book: if you can write any guideline in any particular topics or can write your own book then you can create e-book and sell online. Professional writer and journalist or SEO export can convert their ideas in to monetary tools. Professional writer can write his own experience and experiment on any particular topic and create an e-book then make money by selling it online. In these days the trends of purchasing e-book is highly rated and professional writer are selling their ideas by crating e-book and selling it globally. IPhone, Samsung Galaxy, Desktop, Apple, Amazon Candle kits etc. support the E-book and people are motivating to read book on their small machine (laptop, palmtop, apple, and iPhones). Therefore the reading pattern of people has changed and people are shifted from paper base book to digital book. At this great opportunity, writer can sell their ideas globally and make unlimited money.

16. Make Money from YouTube: you can make money form YouTube Video. You need to just create account and upload thousands of video and place Google video ads. There are many people are earning from this legitimate way. It is similar to the Google AdSense and you can create free account and place Google video ads on YouTube. If your video viewer clicks in ads then Google will pay per ads view basis. But you need to make your YouTube account SEO friendly and attract people to view your video. Therefore if you are a video lover then it’s easy to earn because you may know that which video is most searching and what people prefer. You can upload your own video or get from YouTube resources. If you have nice video then people will definitely love your video and they will return to your place.  

17. Make Money from Search Engine: you can create your own search engine and place ads to your site. It is also a popular way to make money. You have to create search engine site and when people search keyword then they will click on ads. You may have seen may ads base search engine sites and they place ads on their sites. When any one visitor enter in to the site and they will see many scroll ads and they may click on their prefer ads. Google and other ads serving company provide search engine base ads. First of all you have to design a website and places ads and promote your site through different way. When people search any specific keyword in any search engine then your site may be get prioritize and if your visitor enter to your site and click on ads then you will get revenue from it. You can also create local search engine and encourage your local people to use your search engines. There are millions of search engines and you can know only few search engines. Many search engines relying on ads income.

18. Make Money by creating Directory Submission Sites: you can make money by designing your own directory and encouraging people to submit their site. You can create local or global directory and ask people to submit their site to your directory and you will charge fees for your review fees or annual fees. I found that there are so many directory created for making money purpose. They just created directory site and promote their directory to submit url to their site. When people submit their site then directory owner charge fees. People are encouraging to submit their site in directory for the purpose of listing their sites and get traffics as well as backlink to their sites.

19. Making Money by Domain Re-selling: you can purchase bulk quality of domain from whole seller and re-sell too many people. It can be done through creating your website and providing your domain service to your client. Just create your website and buy bulk amount of domain and sell in your local or global market. You can get commission and profit also. It is also a nice idea to make money by doing one kind of business. When you get success from it then you can sell other services through your former contact. If your target markets it local then it will be easy to convince to your local people and they also purchase hosting and web designing or SEO services. It will be another benefit for you.

20. Make Money form Forum Site: you make money by creating your forum sites. It is similar to other site but you create forum site for general discussion. After creating forum you have to put Google ads or other ads and when your forum member or visitors click on ads you will get revenue. We know that in Forum site, many people attract to engage and it easy to get regular visitors. Visitors or your forum member may click on ads while discussing their forum topics. In forum sites many people motivate to share their ideas and also their own member account, once they become a member. They will visitor and participate on discussion. It helps to increase ads impression and revenue also.

21. Make Money form Online Typing: Many people searching online typist and you can work with them. In online typing, you will get revenue according to the certain words basis. There are some online typing sites searching online typist and you can also work with them. It can be an easy way to make money for online typist. As a typist you have to require fast typing skill and accuracy also.

22. Make Money from Making Video: You can make money by making video and selling it online. There are so many video selling sites and you can sell your attractive video to them. Some companies or people may searching attractive video and you can sell your video to them and make handsome money. Professional videographer can make lots of nice video and make money by selling online.

23. Make Money from Document Translation: there are many website which are searching document translator. If you have knowledge of multiple language languages then you can make money by being a language translator. In this time of globalization, people travel one place to another place and they needs different document but language can be hurdle. You can be a facilitator to translate their document and get translation fees. In this time, multinational companies are also doing their business in different location and they need local people to sell their product or translate administrative document on local language. So that it can be a great opportunity to make money for you.  

  24. Make Money from Playing Game: you can make money by playing online game. There are some online game sites; they pay some amount for player. Because they are testing their game online and people can make money by plying or testing games. You can also make money by this way. Online game sites offers for online game players and they pay money after playing game on their sites.

25. Make Money from PPC ads: you can make money from placing different company’s PPC (Pay per Click) ads to your sites. It is similar to Google Absence. There are so many PPC Ads Company providing texts ads, video ads, visual ads etc. and any one web publisher or blogger can places ads to their site and make money from. The popular ads companies are Google Ads, Contera, Linkpro, Chitika, Bidadvertiser, Adbrite etc. which are providing PPC ads to the web publisher and blogger. Web publisher and blogger can earn money on the basis of Pay per Click.

26.  Freelancing:Freelancing is also a popular way to work online and make money. There are many freelancing sites and offering various kinds of online jobs. You can write content or scripts, web designing, data entry, logo design, outsourcing, online typing; ads positing, computer programming, ads designing  etc. it is a nice way to use extra or part time and make money. It is open sources of job and any one person can work from their home but require specific computer and academic skills according to the nature of works. You can make handsome money by doing freelancing job. It is a great opportunity who has knowledge on particular sectors and searching for job. There is no age gap or age burden to perform this job.

27. Fiverr: Fivver is an online outsourcing site which offers various kinds of online jobs. You can write article or scripts or marketing contents, logo designing, and poem composes, drawing personalize cartoons etc. and sell it on fiverr. It is also a freelancing work and way to make money form online. Professional writer can get more opportunities by writing and selling articles on Fiverr. It is a popular site for outsourcing job. Fiverr is a place where you can sell your ideas and make $5 per work.

28. Online File Sharing site: You can make money by sharing file on online. This is simple ideas that you can upload your file and people will download your and paid for download. There are many sites pay money for sharing and uploading files. You can earn up to $600 per 1000 file upload; which is the highest earnings from Shared.com. You can work with Hotfile.com, Uploading.com, Filefactory.com, Sharecash.org, Depositfile.com, Bitshare.com, Filedino.com, Muchshare.net, Rapidgaor.com etc.

29. Create your own Business site: You can create your own business site and sell your product and services globally. You can make lots of money by designing e-commerce site and selling your product through online. It's nice idea to doing business online and make money. You may have your own product and services and sell it on online.

30. Online Data Entry: Data Entry is another way to make money online. There are many site offering for data entry persons and you can work online. In this time of globalization there are thousands of national and multination companies offering data entry operators and they may have lots of outsources jobs and they offers to other people.

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